Dust Nebula And The Birth Of Stars

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Today's topic, many of the terms are on the studies on the sky and the galaxy (which is my most favourite topic in the Quran). I will share mostly on the scientific part first since most of the terms are not really laymen. 
Dust in the Galactic EnvironmentThe clouds of dust in the sky they cast the shadow from the back of the stars as the stars trying to shine their light through. From the earth, this dust looks like clouds that block the sun rays. These dust, strange enough, sometimes it glows. These bright glowing clouds are called nebula. Each one of the nebulae is unique and breathtakingly beautiful

Source: Astronomy is an awesome website
Looking at the vibrant colours of the nebula, what actually nebula gases are made of?

Green coloured nebula - it shows oxygen componentsRed coloured nebula - it shows hydrogen components
From these colours, the scientists can know about the density, about the surface temperature and obtained a lot of information on the nebula's 'neighbourhood'. These gases on the surface of the nebula are heated by a mysterious source, deep inside the nebula. By using x-ray images, scientists can study them in great details. Nebula owns new baby stars in every spiral in the galaxy

Formation of nebula
Nebula started in a cold dark cloud of hydrogen gas. The hydrogen gas clouds want to dissipate, but the gravity wants to pull it together. So in here, there is a war between the Gravity (pull) vs Gas Pressure (push)

As the gravity win, and the material crunches down to a disc. It begins to become a star. Until finally, at 80 million degree Celsius, a miraculous transformation takes place. The hydrogen atoms fused together to form Helium. This leads to a burst of nuclear energy where the star begins to shine. The nuclear fire in the core as they heat up, they spill the materials around them

The birth of the star
The stars are born according to the spiral law.  For example, crab nebula is when it is expanding outwards. About 1000 years ago in 1054, Chinese astronomer observed the birth of a new crab nebula which was so bright but then it disappears after two years

Analysis of light
Through the analysis of light, they can know the process of what is happening in the galaxy. 
The fusion of hydrogen to form helium as mentioned before makes the nebula shines so bright. Then the fusion of ashes of helium + helium produced carbon dioxide and oxygen. And then followed by the fusion of carbon dioxide and oxygen that produces elements such as magnesium, silicon, sulphur, sodium, neon etc. 
However, the final element that was produced from the birth of the nebula is actually iron (ferum). There is a reason why iron element was made last. It is because, when the iron is finally being produced, it signifies the star is about the die or doomed. As mentioned before, the whole process works as the energy pushes outwards while the gravity wants to push it towards the centre (or to crush it). So the process continues as the stars produced heavier and heavier elements. So once the stars produce iron, the energy & gravity war battle is lost where gravity wins

How it happens?
It happens because when Fe + Fe (iron + iron) fusion does not release energy but instead absorb the energy. The previous fusion between elements was exothermic but the iron fusion is endothermic. Therefore, no energy is produced to counter the pull of gravity force which leads to the gravity winning the battle. As the iron core builds up, it becomes so massive that also helps the gravity to win. The iron core then collapses in less than a second. The outer layer collapses inwards, rebound and die.

However, every star that completes this cycle of producing elements and die after the formation of iron, it doesn't just die but every death of a star marks the beginning of the new life of another star.

The explosion creates iron, injected it into cosmos where it got incorporated in the planetary systems like ours.

So if stars are not exploding, in the industrial zone of the galaxy like in a milky way, then we would not have this industrial zone here on earth. Therefore they are all linked, and we all linked to the cosmos.

But remember, the sun is also the star. And one day, any star when it has finished burning the fuel, it will also collapse and die. But since the sun is the greatest star, can u imagine the power it emits when it collapse?

Perhatikanlah yang menarik sangat keras (1) yang kuat bertenaga (2) yg bergerak energetik (3); dan melebihi/mendahului, unggul (4); dalam mengatur urusan (5) (79:1-5)
to be continued...

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