Citation Tokoh Kajian Kuantitatif Kualitatif Dan Mixed Method

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Kajian mixed-methods-As stated by Creswell and Clark (2018), mixed-methods design involves the collection, analysis, and integration of both quantitative and qualitative data within a single research study
Kajian Kuantitatif-This quantitative  approach,  as  emphasized by  Nardi  (2018),  is particularly suited for quantifying the extent of engagement in specific behaviors and systematically evaluating social phenomena.It allows for a structured and numerical assessment of students’ attitudes and  preferences

-However,  as  quantitative  research  concerned  variables  as  numbers,  which  was considered not enough to publish justified understanding (Aspers & Corte, 2019) the second stage of the study  addressed research  issues qualitatively  using  a semi-structured interview  to  enable an  in-depth exploration of the students’ perceptions regarding the use of Podcasts in learning listening after class.  
-As highlighted by Gray et al. (2020), in-person interviews provide a unique opportunity to simulate real-world interactions, fostering a positive rapport between interviewers and participants while allowing for the observation of nonverbal cues and contextual settings. This qualitative stage was crucial for gaining insights into phenomena that could not be directly observed, such as perceptions and thoughts

Jenis PersampelanPersampelan bertujuan-using  purposive sampling  to provide deeper  insights  into  the  research  questions  (Campbell  et  al.,  2020). 
Data collection techniquesThe questionnaire 
-a  Likert-scale  questionnaire  to  evaluate  the students’ perceptions toward the use of Podcasts for practicing listening, as it was considered to be uncomplicated  to  construct  and  prone  to  generate  a  scale  of  high  reliability  (Taherdoost,  2019)
-it was straightforward  to  comprehend and  complete from the participants’ standpoint (Taherdoost  2019)
-a pilot survey was conducted to evaluate the validity and reliability of the instrument (Wadood et al., 2021)
-To ensure validity and  reliability, Cronbach’s  alpha was  employed, with  a  calculated value  of 0.98  considered both acceptable and reliable for the pilot survey based on Taber’s criteria (2018). 
Rujukan: Examining students’ perceptions of Podcasts as authentic materials for self-access listening practiceData collection techniques The questionnaire

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