Recalibrating Malaysia S Foreign Policy And Trump S Eos

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THE global landscape is experiencing considerable geopolitical transformations, primarily influenced by the evolving position of the United States (US) during President Donald Trump’s second term. His frequent issuance of Executive Orders (EOs) indicates a marked change in US foreign policy, which has direct repercussions on international relations.
For Malaysia, an emerging economy that is intricately linked to global trade and supply chains, these changes necessitate a reassessment of its foreign policy to safeguard national interests and respond effectively to the swiftly shifting global environment.
Trump’s EOs
Since his re-election, President Trump has enacted more than 100 Executive Orders, signifying a significant shift in the policy trajectory of the US.
Among these orders are pivotal actions such as the withdrawal from the Paris Agreement, the suspension of environmental justice initiatives, and the relaxation of climate change regulations.
These measures reflect a prioritisation of domestic economic interests, particularly energy independence, over collaborative international efforts to address climate change.
Trump’s focus on achieving domestic energy supremacy especially through the expedited extraction of oil, gas, and essential minerals indicates a more protectionist stance in global trade relations.
President Donald Trump (Image: ABC News)For Malaysia, these developments pose several immediate challenges. The US’ exit from international climate agreements may weaken global environmental governance and diminish the US’ influence in promoting international sustainability efforts.
Given Malaysia’s active participation in climate negotiations and its commitment to sustainable development, it is imperative for the country to re-evaluate its environmental policies.
The US’ retreat from international environmental leadership opens avenues for Malaysia to forge partnerships with other nations that are more dedicated to climate action.
Moreover, Trump’s energy policies, which prioritise the enhancement of domestic fossil fuel production, have significant implications for global energy markets.
The US’ pursuit of energy dominance could lead to volatility in global energy prices, which would impact Malaysia’s oil and gas exports.
As the global landscape increasingly shifts towards renewable energy, Malaysia must adeptly manage potential fluctuations in fossil fuel demand while simultaneously increasing its investments in renewable energy initiatives.
Challenges for Malaysia’s foreign policy
The necessity for Malaysia to recalibrate its foreign policy is underscored by the US’ transition towards a more isolationist and energy-focused stance. To protect its long-term interests, Malaysia must adopt several strategic initiatives.
As the US withdraws from multilateral climate and energy agreements, it is crucial for Malaysia to enhance its regional collaboration, particularly with ASEAN member states.
The ASEAN bloc is well-positioned to address shared regional issues related to climate change, energy transition, and trade diversification.
Additionally, Malaysia should seek to strengthen partnerships with nations such as China and India, which are also navigating similar energy transitions and environmental challenges.
Engaging in collaborative projects in renewable energy technologies, trade, and innovation will not only benefit Malaysia but also mitigate its dependence on traditional Western allies.
Given the potential US retreat from international trade agreements and its inward-looking economic policies, Malaysia must prioritise the diversification of its trade relationships.
By bolstering economic and trade connections with emerging markets in Asia, the Middle East, and Africa, Malaysia can shield itself from economic volatility stemming from US protectionist measures.
The emergence of these regions as significant global trade centres offers Malaysia the chance to explore new markets for both established products and burgeoning sectors, such as renewable energy and environmental technologies.
In spite of the US scaling back its commitments to climate change and environmental initiatives, Malaysia should maintain its leadership role in promoting sustainability.
Under the administration of Prime Minister Datuk Seri Anwar Ibrahim, the Malaysian government ought to advocate for green diplomacy, fostering global climate action through platforms such as the UNFCCC and the Paris Agreement.
By aligning its domestic development objectives with the global Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), Malaysia can not only take a leading role in climate advocacy but also unlock new opportunities for growth in green technologies and low-carbon industries, including renewable energy.
Datuk Seri Anwar Ibrahim (Image: Bernama)While the US may withdraw from certain multilateral agreements, it is imperative for Malaysia to intensify its participation in global institutions such as the World Trade Organisation (WTO), the World Health Organisation (WHO), and the International Energy Agency (IEA).
These organisations offer Malaysia valuable avenues to advance its economic development, public health initiatives, and energy transition strategies, even amidst a fragmented geopolitical environment.
Also, Malaysia has the opportunity to collaborate with other nations that share similar values to establish new multilateral partnerships cantered on mutual interests, including sustainable development and energy security.
In the face of global uncertainties, enhancing Malaysia’s domestic infrastructure is crucial. Within the energy sector, this entails diversifying energy sources, fostering the growth of renewable energy infrastructure, and ensuring energy security.
Malaysia can leverage its position as a significant oil and gas exporter to invest in green energy initiatives, thereby decreasing its dependence on fossil fuels and establishing itself as a leader in the energy transition within Southeast Asia.
This proactive approach will help protect domestic industries from the volatility of global energy markets.
As the US prioritises innovation in energy technology, Malaysia must also prioritise cybersecurity and technological independence.
Geopolitical tensions can expose nations to risks associated with disruptions in digital infrastructure; therefore, Malaysia should invest in local technological advancements and cybersecurity measures.
By strengthening its domestic technology ecosystem and promoting partnerships for technology transfer, Malaysia can enhance its capacity to address external challenges and bolster national security.
Conclusion
The US, under the leadership of President Trump, is undergoing a transformation of the global order, presenting both challenges and opportunities for Malaysia.
As the US focuses on internal matters, emphasising economic growth and energy independence, Malaysia is compelled to reassess its foreign policy.
This reassessment should involve strengthening regional partnerships, diversifying its trade relationships, promoting sustainable development initiatives, and enhancing domestic resilience.
The strategic modifications undertaken by Malaysia will not only influence its role in the evolving global landscape but also establish its position as a frontrunner in the green energy transition within Southeast Asia.
By capitalising on its inherent strengths and collaborating with like-minded countries, Malaysia can safeguard its interests while making significant contributions to the global discourse on climate change and sustainable development.
R. Paneir Selvam is the principal consultant of Arunachala Research & Consultancy Sdn Bhd, a think tank specialising in strategic national and geo-political matters.
The views expressed are solely of the author and do not necessarily reflect those of  MMKtT.
- Focus Malaysia.

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